Engine



Nov. 4 192.4,

W. A. NEWMAN ENGINE Filed March 12, 192C 2 Sheets-Sheet l Wwf/7e v.

Nw; 4 wz@ W A. NEWMAN ENGINE Filed'MarCh l2. 1920 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Patented Nov. 4, 1924.

l 15514331 PATENT oFFicE.

WILLIAM A. NEWMAN, 0F MONTREAL, QUEBEC, CANADA..

ENGINE Application led March 12, 1920. Serial No. 365,371.

at the same time increasing the eiiiciency of locomotives. Economizers designed to absorb heat from the waste gases of combustion and feed water heaters designed to absorb heat from the spent steam exhausted from the cylinders arewell known and have been in use for some years, but the loss of heat units from both sources, fuel combustion and steam expansion are well known to be still extravagant.

The object of my invention is to solve this problem and considerably reduce the loss of heat froml both of these sources.

The invention consists of primarily, a heater adapted to cause feed water passing therethroughto absorb heat from both the exhaust steam for the engine and waste gases'f,

of combustion; and, specially, a casting forming a, component part of the enginev structure, preferably the closure for the smoke box, and embodying therein water and steamconductors and passageways for the hot spent gases, particularly arranged to constitute a combined feed Water heater and exhaust steam receiver. y

For full comprehension Ihowever of my invention reference must be had to the accompanying drawings in which similar reference characters indicate the same parts and wherein- Figure 1 is a side elevation of a loco-r motive equipped with my invention;

Figures 2 and 3 are fragmentary sectional views illustrating the manner in which the opposite ends of the top group of feed water tubes are mounted and the direction of How A taken on line 6-6 Figure 5.

Heretofore the principal defect in the i feed Water heater has been its loss of lheat by evaporation and although the efficiency of the engine is increased by using the smoke box gases to preheat the feed water, in order to do so economically a greaterl heating surface is required than is obtainable in the accepted design of locomotives, and it has been particularly impracticable forthe same reason in the ordinary smoke box with the spacev limitations of the latter. By my invention a very high percentage of the waste heat units in the smoke box gases and exhaust steam from the engines are absorbedv and the efficiency of the engine is proportionately increased. I obtain this result by combining in a single member the essentials of the feed water heater and economizer and the exhaust steam receiver, whereby the heat units are absorbed from both exhaust steam and products of combustion and at the same time afford an exhaust steam receiver of substantialy large dimensions to absorb the pulsations and convert them into a steady or uniform draft without offering increased resistance to the exhaust. This member is preferably cast in one or otherwise formed integrally with the closure of the smoke box. l In the accompanying drawings the closure is indicated at 2. It is cast with a bulging middle portion 3 presenting an inward chamber and having an encircling flange 4 of suificientwidth to fit the largest diameter of smoke box andpermit of its being out down-to smaller sizes without interfering with the chamber. The chamber within the closure 2 opens into the smoke box and accommodates a steam receiver 9 of hollow annular form cast in one piece with or otherwise formed integrallyy with the closure. This construction and arrangement of parts avoids the complication of the front and design. The steam receiver is spaced from the closure on all sides as at 10 to enable the exhaust gases to form a hot blanket around the reeiver and consequently' overcome in large measure the loss of the heat units which would occur if the steam receiver was in intimate contact with the outside Wall of the closure and at the same time to superheat the exhaust steam. The usual steam exhaust fitting within the smoke box is indicated at 15, and the exhaust steam is conducted from it to the top of the receiver sucessively through an inlet pipe 16 and a passage-way of substantially U-form 17. The latter is formed integrally with the inner side of thereceiver and its armsare curved concentrically with the latter. The pipe 16 communicates with the forked passageway 17 at the bottom thereof and the latter in turn communicates with the top of the receiver 'through a pair ,of spaced ports 18. n order to utilize the discharge through the steam exhaust fitting in sucking the Water of condensation from the receiver communication between the bottom of the latter and the fitting is eected by a pipe 19 of relatively small bore located beneath and parallel to the pipe 16. g

The circulation of steam from the fitting to the receiver is as follows p The steam is discharged through the fitting and a portion of it flows through pipe 16 in the direction of the arrows in Figure 6 and entering passageway `17 flows upwardly through the same on'opposite sides of the central opening and enters the top of the receiver through the ports 18, the water of condensation being sucked out through pipe 19.

rlhe exhaust gases are deected downwardly and around the steam receiver by a defiector 5 the lower end 7 which straddles the steam exhaust fitting, a shorter deflector 6 secured to the underside of the barrel in a similar manner to the defiector 5 causes the gases to eddy around the receiver to enable the latter to absorb a large amount of the heat units.

rIhe steam receiver contains preferably two series of tubes Vfor conducting the feed water therethrough, the series being disposed horizontally at the top and bottom of the receiver, the top group being indicated at 20 and the bottom at 21. To accommodate these series of tubes the integral member comprisingv the closure and steam receiver is provided with lateral top and bottom extensions 22, 23, 24 and 25 located on both sides and vhorizontally opposite. rlhe extensions on the right o f the closure arel closed by headers 26 and 27 and each contains a tube sheet 28 held'rigidly in'posi-I tion against a shoulder 29 by an inwardly extending annular fiange 30 formed integrally with each header. The extensions on the left are closed by return headers 31 and 32 and cover plates 33 and 34. The tube sheet 35 within each of these latter extenm sionsl is not held rigidly in position, but is mounted within each extension with a slid? ing fit, the purpose of this floating arrangement being to permit of expansion and contraction of the tubes. The return headers 31 and 32 are mounted u on their respective tube sheets by steel bol' s 80 with nuts 81. The interior of each of they headers 26 and 27, is'divided by a horizontally disposed ring, 40intotwo chambers 41 and 42, the former surrounded bythe latter. An inlet connection 43 communicating with the chamber 42 and an outlet connection 44 leadchamber 41.

ing from the chamber 41. The ring 40 which is carried by each header and the adjacent tube sheet divides eachseries of tubes into inner and outer groups 45 and 46, the flow of water through the outer group being from right to left, as the outer group communicates with the inlet chamber 42 while the flow through the inner group is in the reverse direction as the inner group communicates with the outlet chamber 41. A circular groove in each of the headers 26 and 27 accommodates the outer edge of the ring 40. A packing member (not shown) may be positioned in this groove if desired.

The pipe system for supplying the feed water to the heater and from the heater to the boiler consists of a suction pipe extending between the tender and a centrifugal pump 61 the latter being driven by a,

steam turbine 62 connected to the cab turret through a pipe 63 controlled by a valve 64. The feed water is delivered from the pumps tothe inlet connection 43 on the header 27 through a pipe 65 controlled by a valve 66 operated from the cab. From the header 27 the feed water passes upwardly to the inlet connection on the header 26 through a pipe 67 and is finally delivered to the boiler througha pipe 70 controlled by a boiler check 7l.

To prevent the connections between the tender and feed-water heater freezing up in winter the suction pipe line is connected to the pipe 70 through a bye-pass 82 controlled by a valve 83 within the cab. By opening the valve 8,3 some of the preheated feed watery is caused to circulate through the pump and associated connections and maintain the. temperature of the water being drawn from the tender above freezing.

The turbine 61 and pump 62 are not shown in detail as any preferred constructionl may be employed.

Operation delivered to the bottom header through the pipe 65, into chamber 42 'from which it passes from right to left through the outer group of tubes 46, the return header 32 at the opposite end of the tubes turning back the flow into the inner or central group 45 of the tubes which communicate with the outlet connection 44, the feed-water passes upwardly through pipe 67, 'theupper end From this chamber throughl is identically the same as that which takes place in the bottom series of the tubes, the feed-water flowing from right to left through the outer group and from left to right through the inner group passing upwardly through outlet connection 44 through pipe to the boiler.

As the feed-water travels back and forth through the tubes it picks up the heat-units from exhaust steam superheated from contact with the exhaust gases within the closure. A constant supply of this exhaust steam is obtained from the steam exhaust feed 15 through pipe 16 and the forked passage li, the steam entering the steam receiver through ports 1S and flooding the interior of the same, the water of condensation running out through pipe 19 and being blown out by the succeeding pulsations. The exhaust gases ,of combustion'. are deflected into the open chamber within the closure by the deflectors 5 and 6 and form a hot blanket around the receiver, insulating the same from the colder wall of the closure.

What I claim is as follows 1. In a locomotive the combination with the smoke box thereof, a steam exhaust fitting, a feed Water supply, ofa feed water heater consisting of a chamber-ed closure for the front end of the smoke box, a hollow annular steam receiver within said closu're, a series of feed water tubes within said receiver and extending across the bottom of the same, a second series of feedvwater tubes within said receiver and extending across the top of the same, means effecting communication between the series, means effecting communication between said receiver and steam exhaust fitting, and means effecting communication bet-Ween one of the series and the feed water supply.

2. In a locomotive the combination with the smoke box, boiler and steam exhaust fitting, of a feed water heater consisting of a chambered closure for the front end of thel within said closure and formed integrally' therewith and spaced therefrom to present an insulating space, said closure and receiver having top and bottom lateral extensions on opposite sides thereof, a tube sheet within each of said extensions, transversely extending feed water tubes located within said receiver with their ends mounted in said tube sheets, headers coacting with the tube sheets in directing the flow ofl feed water through the tubes, an intake connection between the exhaust fitting and the annular receiver, a condensation outlet connection between said receiver and the fitting, means supplying feed -water to the tubes and means conveying the preheated water to the boiler.

3. In a locomotive the combination with the smoke box and steam exhaust fitting, of a feed water heater consisting of a chambered closure for the front end ,of the smokev box, a hollow annular steam receiver within said closure, tube sheets within the heater, straight transverse .feed water tubes extending `the steam receiver', and means for supplying feed water to the tubes.

4. In a locomotive the combination with a smoke box thereof and steam exhaust fitting; of a feed water heater consisting of a chambered closure for the front end of the smoke box; a hollow annular steam receiver within said closure formed integrally therewith, said heater having oppositely positioned lateral extensions, a header ineach of said extensions and having tube sheets, one tube sheet being fixedand the other capable of movement relatively to the first mentioned tube sheet for the purpose of permitting expansion and contraction, tubes having their opposite ends mounted in said tube sheets, one side of said headers having an inlet communicating with some of the tubes and an outlet communicatingwith the remainder of the tubes, and the other header being constructed and arranged to return the feed water through the tubes' whereby the feed water fiows through some ofthe tubes in one direction and through the remainder in the reverse direction; means for supplying feed water to said inlet and means effecting communication between the said 'exhaust fitting and the steam receiver.

5. In a locomotive the combination with the smoke box, boiler and -steam exhaust fitting, of a feed water heater consisting of a chambered .closure for the front end of 'the smoke box, a hollow annular receiver within said closure and formed 'integrally therewith and spaced therefrom to present an insulating space, said closure 'and receiver having top and bottom' lateral extensions on opposite sides thereof, a tube sheet vwithin each of said extensions, transversely extending feed water tubes located within said receiver with their ends mounted in said tube sheets, headers directing the flow of feed water through the tubes, an intake connection between the exhaust fitting and the annular receiver, means supplying feed water to the tubes and means conveying the preheated water to the boiler.

6. In a locomotive 'the combination with the smoke box thereof and steam exhaust fitting having a lateral opening; of a feed water heater consisting of an annular steam receiver located at the yfront of the smoke box and permitting access to the interior thereof through its Central opening, means for conducting stearn fromthe lateral openlng to the top of said receiver, said means consisting of a conductor of substantially lj-Y r small bore efecting communication between the bottom of the steam receiver and the said fitting whereby the water of condensation in the receiver is sucked out by a dis- 15 charge of steam through said fitting; and a feed water conductor extending through said receiver'. v s

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in the presence of 2o two witnesses.

`WILLIAM A. NEWMAN.

Witnesses:

GORDON G. COOKE, Wimmer J. C. HEWETSON. 

